Views: 221 Author: Lydia Publish Time: 2023-10-13 Origin: Site
Moisture wicking and rapid dry textiles allow clothes to dry faster than woollen or cotton clothes, which evaporate water and dry faster under the same external conditions.
Moisture wicking and fast dry materials do not absorb sweat, but rather swiftly transport it to the surface of the clothing and evaporate it through air circulation, attaining the quick dry goal. Quick dry materials often dry 50% faster than cotton clothes.
The inner and outer layers of the moisture wicking and rapid dry fabric have differing hydrophilic and hydrophobic qualities, with the outer layer being primarily hydrophilic and the inner layer mostly hydrophobic. Sweat is transmitted from the little hydrophilic section of the inner layer to the fabric's hydrophilic outer layer, where it evaporates fast. At the same time, because the inner fibres are hydrophobic, the surface tension of the inner layer of the fabric is higher, and perspiration does not remain in the inner layer, which helps to keep the skin dry.
The hydrophobic inner layer of the skin does not discolor the skin when it sweats. Furthermore, the fabric's outer layer evaporates quickly, removing a substantial quantity of heat and making the body feel cooler. Because moisture wicking and rapid drying are automatic response processes, moisture wicking and quick dry fabric is a technologically smart fabric.
Fabrics that wick moisture and dry quickly are typically composed of a composite double-layer composition. The inner fabric structure swiftly transfers moisture or perspiration from the skin to the outer fabric, keeping the skin in contact with the cloth dry and comfortable. The outside fabric structure evaporates the released moisture or perspiration as rapidly as possible while preventing it from re-entering the inner layer of the fabric, resulting in a single wicking action.
The moisture wicking, quick dry T-shirt, for example, has an outer layer with a concave and convex grid type textile structure, which increases the surface area for diffusion evaporation from the outer layer by more than 30%, resulting in increased evaporation efficiency from the outer layer and the effect of quickly dispersing sweat into the air. A few drops of water were placed on the inner fabric in a practical test, and it was dry in 4 minutes.
When water drips onto the surface of the garment, it spreads swiftly, leaving the inner layer dry against the skin.
When water is dropped onto the inner layer of the garment, it swiftly spreads to the outside layer, leaving the inner layer dry.
Moisture wicking and rapid drying require two conditions.
A good capillary effect in the fabric's inner layer.
A good moisture diffusion via the fabric's outer layer.
The gradient wettability of the inner and outer layers of the fabric, resulting in a differential capillary effect, is the key to moisture absorption and rapid drying. In practice, this can be accomplished using a range of processing methods, the most common of which being chemical, plasma modification, and structural design procedures.
The chemical approach primarily employs chemical finishing chemicals to finish the surface of the fabric, hence altering the fabric's moisture absorption capabilities. It can be classified as single-sided hydrophobic finishing, single-sided hydrophilic finishing, or pro-hydrophobic finishing on both sides, depending on the finishing agent employed and the finishing surface.
The use of hydrophobic chemicals on one side of the fabric makes the finishing side hydrophobic while the other side stays hydrophilic, generating a differential capillary effect on both sides of the fabric and accomplishing moisture wicking and rapid drying.
The use of hydrophilic finishing agents on one side of the fabric hydrophilic finishing, so that the fabric on both sides of the formation of moisture absorption difference, in the role of differential capillary effect, to achieve moisture wicking and quick drying, is known as single-sided hydrophilic finishing.
A hydrophilic treatment on one side of the cloth and a hydrophobic finish on the other is referred to as two-sided finishing. The inner and outer layers of the fabric provide a large differential capillary effect, resulting in moisture wicking and speedy drying.
The differential capillary effect is stronger with two-sided finishing than with single-sided finishing, and the effect of moisture conduction is better. If, on the other hand, the fabric is lighter and thinner when finished on both sides, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic finishing agents will easily come into touch at the vital position, negating the single-sided moisture-conducting effect.
Plasma modification is a chemical treatment followed by plasma irradiation of the fabric that imparts moisture wicking and quick drying qualities to the fabric. Plasma modification is a simple, efficient technology that can be coupled with other technologies. Heating the plasma-treated fabric and then re-irradiating it with plasma, for example, will change the direction of moisture wicking in the fabric and is expected to be widely used in the field of intelligent textiles.
It should be observed that the plasma modification process is highly time-sensitive, with a shorter duration of moisture wicking and a faster drying impact of the fabric, most likely due to the poorer attachment of the silane to the plasma.
Design of structures
The fabric may be effectively moisture wicking and quick drying by creating the fabric structure and configuring the fiber raw components. The structural design process does not require the use of chemical reagents, and the fabric can come into direct touch with the human body, which is environmentally friendly.
The disadvantage of this method is that the fabric surface density is frequently too high, and the use of nanotechnology is limited by the output, and the structural design method is often applied to knitted fabrics, and the structural design of woven and non-woven fabrics is still relatively small.
A particular three-dimensional mesh structure, for example, can assist and expedite moisture and heat movement from the inner layer to the outer layer. The larger the inner layer mesh and the smaller the outer layer mesh, the faster perspiration is transferred from the interior to the
Polyester is also known as "terylene" and is frequently utilized in daily life. Polyester is commonly used in the construction of quick dry garments. It has the advantage of having strong wrinkle resistance and shape preservation, and it is only second to nylon in terms of abrasion resistance. The drawback is that it has poor wicking capabilities and might be uncomfortable when wet. Furthermore, polyester textiles are prone to static electricity, which has an impact on wearing comfort.
Polyamide, generally known as 'nylon,' is the most abrasion resistant and durable fabric available. Nylon fabric is more comfortable to wear than polyester because it has better moisture absorption, elasticity, and elastic recovery. The downside is that nylon fabrics are easily distorted by modest external forces, and they wrinkle quickly after wear. Furthermore, because nylon textiles are less resistant to light and heat, care must be given during wear to avoid causing harm to the clothing.
Polypropylene fiber has numerous advantages, including its light weight, high strength, good flexibility, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, ease of washing, ability to absorb odors, as well as anti-static, sunlight, insect resistance, anti-mould, anti-staining, and other excellent properties. The drawback is that polypropylene dyeing capability is weak, resulting in pale coloration. Overall, polypropylene remains an outstanding fabric choice for quick-drying clothes.
Polypropylene fibers are not commonly used in quick-drying clothing textiles due to various manufacturing problems that have yet to be overcome. Polyester and nylon are still the most widely utilized components of quick-drying clothing fabrics on the market today.
The American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) approved a test method in 2010 for testing the moisture wicking and quick dry properties of sportswear and other garments, primarily using a unidirectional transfer index (MMT) to indicate a fabric's ability to transfer body perspiration in one direction.
The dynamic transfer characteristics of liquid moisture in textiles are now examined using the AATCC 195, GB/T 21655.2 test standard, which measures the following.
The time it takes for moisture to be absorbed on the front and back of the fabric.
Accumulative one-way transport capacity - the difference in liquid absorption and diffusion on both surfaces.
Diffusion/drying rate - the rate of liquid diffusion on both sides of the fabric.
Moisture Management Tester is the testing device.
Housing made of metal that is resistant to external interference signals.
Test sensor with built-in pressure sensing device, auto-stop when moving to a fixed pressure, and auto-return after the test is over.
Pumping water that is consistent and stable, with no pipeline blockages.
Connection to PC is instant, and data transmission is more stable and reliable.
The test should be performed with the inside of the cloth (the side that comes into touch with the skin) facing up. The table below shows the precise AATCC 195 indicators and grading standards.
Machine wash in cold water with regular washing powder (no harsh detergents) and use the normal spin cycle.
Do not dry clean and do not machine dry.
Do not soak or use hot water.
Use no bleach or fabric softener.
Turn the garments inside out and wash them separately for the best results.
Because of their fine fiber structure, quick drying fabrics are prone to pilling.
Reverse and wash separately for products with iron-on or iron-on stamps.
After around 20 washes, the mosquito and UV protection range will fade.
Moisture-wicking and quick-drying fabric research spans several areas, including chemistry, physics, materials, and engineering. Although there is a foundation for such research, many elements remain difficult and require additional refinement and refinement.
